Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent form of skin cancer. It primarily affects sun-exposed areas and demands attention due to its potential impact on long-term health.
Understanding its development, features, and risk factors is crucial for early intervention and successful treatment.
Overview of Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma typically develops on sun-exposed areas of the body. This slow-growing cancer often appears on the face, ears, scalp, neck, or other sun-exposed areas. It usually presents as:
- Shiny, pearly bumps
- Pinkish patches on the skin
- Lesions that may bleed easily or develop a crust
Key Characteristics
- Growth: Slow-growing, rarely spreads beyond the original site, but can be locally destructive if untreated.
- Appearance: Can vary but often looks like shiny bumps, pink patches, or sores that bleed or crust.
Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent the local destruction of tissues.
Causes and Risk Factors
Basal cell carcinoma primarily results from cumulative exposure to sun ultraviolet (UV) radiation, causing DNA damage in skin cells. Key risk factors include:
- Fair Skin: Individuals with fair skin, light-coloured eyes, and a history of sunburns.
- Family History: A family history of skin cancer.
- Age: Older adults are more susceptible.
- Immune System: A weakened immune system increases risk.
- Occupational Exposure: Outdoor workers and those frequently exposed to the sun.
- Tanning: Use of indoor tanning beds.
Preventive Measures
- Regular use of sunscreen.
- Wearing protective clothing.
- Avoiding prolonged sun exposure.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of basal cell carcinoma can vary. Common signs include:
- Persistent Open Sores: Wounds that do not heal.
- Shiny Bumps/Nodules: Pearly or waxy bumps with visible blood vessels.
- Scaly Patches: Red or white patches that may bleed or crust.
- Pink Growths: Raised edges with a lower centre.
Diagnosis
- Consult a skin expert.
- Skin biopsy to confirm basal cell carcinoma.
Early detection improves the prognosis significantly.
Treatment Options
Treatment options depend on the tumour’s size, location, subtype, and the patient’s health. Common treatments include:
| Treatment Type | Description |
| Surgical Excision | Removal of the cancerous tissue with a margin of healthy skin. |
| Mohs Surgery | Precise removal of cancerous tissue layer by layer. |
| Cryotherapy | Using extreme cold to destroy cancer cells. |
| Topical Medications | Application of imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil for superficial BCCs. |
| Radiation Therapy | Non-invasive option for patients unsuitable for surgery. |
| Photodynamic Therapy | Combines light and a photosensitising agent to destroy cancer cells. |
Consult a skin expert at Lotus Skin Check Clinic to determine the most suitable treatment.
Key Takeaways
Take charge of your skin health by scheduling a skin check at Lotus Skin Check Clinic at Sydney Rd, Brunswick, VIC 3056. Early detection saves lives.
Be proactive about your skin health to protect yourself from basal cell carcinoma and other skin cancers. Prevention is better than cure—book your appointment now.